ID:MIXL1_MOUSE DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Homeobox protein MIXL1; AltName: Full=Homeodomain protein MIX; Short=mMix; AltName: Full=MIX1 homeobox-like protein 1; AltName: Full=Mix.1 homeobox-like protein; FUNCTION: Transcription factor that play a central role in proper axial mesendoderm morphogenesis and endoderm formation. Required for efficient differentiation of cells from the primitive streak stage to blood, by acting early in the recruitment and/or expansion of mesodermal progenitors to the hemangioblastic and hematopoietic lineages. Also involved in the morphogenesis of the heart and the gut during embryogenesis. Acts as a negative regulator of brachyury expression. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in the primitive streak of the gastrulating embryo, and marks cells destined to form mesoderm and endoderm. Present in differentiating embryonic stem cells (at protein level). DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Initially expressed in visceral endoderm and becomes restricted to primitive streak and nascent mesoderm at gastrulation. This includes the hemangioblast, a precursor of hematopoietic and vascular stem cells. At E5.5, it is expressed symmetrically in the visceral endoderm but by E6.0 this expression is noticeably asymmetric. At E6.5, expression is restricted to the nascent primitive streak and persists in the primitive streak through E7.5-E9.5, marking those cells fated to form extra- embryonic and lateral mesoderm. INDUCTION: By TGF-beta. Regulated by Nodal in mesendoderm morphogenesis. Regulated by FOXH1, which acts as a negative regulator by recruiting GSC to promoter during early development. DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Mice display defects in mesendoderm morphogenesis and patterning during development. Embryos show a marked thickening of the primitive streak. By the early somite stage, embryonic development is arrested, with the formation of abnormal head folds, foreshortened body axis, absence of heart tube and gut, deficient paraxial mesoderm, and an enlarged midline tissue mass that replaces the notochord. Development of extra- embryonic structures is generally normal except that the allantois is often disproportionately large for the size of the mutant embryo. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the paired homeobox family. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 homeobox DNA-binding domain.
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q9WUI0
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
US Server
