Description: Homo sapiens histone cluster 2, H2bc (pseudogene) (HIST2H2BC), non-coding RNA. RefSeq Summary (NR_036461): Histones are basic nuclear proteins responsible for nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. Two molecules of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) form an octamer, around which approximately 146 bp of DNA is wrapped in repeating units, called nucleosomes. The linker histone, H1, interacts with linker DNA between nucleosomes and functions in the compaction of chromatin into higher order structures. This gene is found in a histone cluster on chromosome 1. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]. Transcript (Including UTRs) Position: hg19 chr1:149,821,759-149,822,340 Size: 582 Total Exon Count: 1 Strand: - Coding Region Position: hg19 chr1:149,821,759-149,822,340 Size: 582 Coding Exon Count: 1
ID:H2B2C_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Putative histone H2B type 2-C; AltName: Full=Histone H2B.t; Short=H2B/t; FUNCTION: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. SUBUNIT: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. Chromosome. PTM: Phosphorylation at Ser-37 (H2BS36ph) by AMPK in response to stress promotes transcription (By similarity). Phosphorylated on Ser-15 (H2BS14ph) by STK4/MST1 during apoptosis; which facilitates apoptotic chromatin condensation. Also phosphorylated on Ser-15 in response to DNA double strand breaks (DSBs), and in correlation with somatic hypermutation and immunoglobulin class-switch recombination. PTM: Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes. MISCELLANEOUS: The mouse orthologous protein seems not to exist. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the histone H2B family. CAUTION: Could be the product of a pseudogene. In contrast to other H2B histones, it does not contain the conserved residue in C-terminus that is the target of monoubiquitination.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q6DN03
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
Mouse
Rat
Zebrafish
D. melanogaster
C. elegans
S. cerevisiae
No ortholog
No ortholog
No ortholog
No ortholog
No ortholog
No ortholog
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
Molecular Function: GO:0003677 DNA binding GO:0046982 protein heterodimerization activity
AK299891 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ53564 complete cds, highly similar to Histone H2B type 2-C. BC071638 - Homo sapiens cDNA clone IMAGE:4390105, containing frame-shift errors.
US Server
