Description: Homo sapiens glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA 3 (GRIA3), transcript variant 2, mRNA. RefSeq Summary (NM_000828): Glutamate receptors are the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter receptors in the mammalian brain and are activated in a variety of normal neurophysiologic processes. These receptors are heteromeric protein complexes composed of multiple subunits, arranged to form ligand-gated ion channels. The classification of glutamate receptors is based on their activation by different pharmacologic agonists. The subunit encoded by this gene belongs to a family of AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate)-sensitive glutamate receptors, and is subject to RNA editing (AGA->GGA; R->G). Alternative splicing at this locus results in different isoforms, which may vary in their signal transduction properties. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]. Transcript (Including UTRs) Position: hg19 chrX:122,318,096-122,624,766 Size: 306,671 Total Exon Count: 16 Strand: + Coding Region Position: hg19 chrX:122,318,388-122,616,895 Size: 298,508 Coding Exon Count: 15
ID:GRIA3_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Glutamate receptor 3; Short=GluR-3; AltName: Full=AMPA-selective glutamate receptor 3; AltName: Full=GluR-C; AltName: Full=GluR-K3; AltName: Full=Glutamate receptor ionotropic, AMPA 3; Short=GluA3; Flags: Precursor; FUNCTION: Receptor for glutamate that functions as ligand-gated ion channel in the central nervous system and plays an important role in excitatory synaptic transmission. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. Binding of the excitatory neurotransmitter L- glutamate induces a conformation change, leading to the opening of the cation channel, and thereby converts the chemical signal to an electrical impulse. The receptor then desensitizes rapidly and enters a transient inactive state, characterized by the presence of bound agonist.In the presence of CACNG4 or CACNG7 or CACNG8, shows resensitization which is characterized by a delayed accumulation of current flux upon continued application of glutamate. SUBUNIT: Homotetramer or heterotetramer of pore-forming glutamate receptor subunits. Tetramers may be formed by the dimerization of dimers. Interacts with PRKCABP, GRIP1 and GRIP2 (By similarity). Found in a complex with GRIA1, GRIA2, GRIA4, CNIH2, CNIH3, CACNG2, CACNG3, CACNG4, CACNG5, CACNG7 and CACNG8. Interacts with CACNG5 (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Note=Interaction with CNIH2 and CNIH3 promotes cell surface expression (By similarity). PTM: Palmitoylated. Depalmitoylated upon glutamate stimulation. Cys-621 palmitoylation leads to Golgi retention and decreased cell surface expression. In contrast, Cys-847 palmitoylation does not affect cell surface expression but regulates stimulation-dependent endocytosis (By similarity). DISEASE: Defects in GRIA3 are the cause of mental retardation X- linked type 94 (MRX94) [MIM:300699]. Mental retardation is characterized by significantly sub-average general intellectual functioning associated with impairments in adaptative behavior and manifested during the developmental period. MRX94 patients have moderate mental retardation. Other variable features are macrocephaly, seizures, myoclonic jerks, autistic behavior, asthenic body habitus, distal muscle weakness and hyporeflexia. MISCELLANEOUS: The postsynaptic actions of Glu are mediated by a variety of receptors that are named according to their selective agonists. This receptor binds AMPA (quisqualate) > glutamate > kainate. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glutamate-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.10.1) family. GRIA3 subfamily. CAUTION: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-7 is the initiator.
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Genetic Association Studies of Complex Diseases and Disorders
Genetic Association Database (archive): GRIA3 CDC HuGE Published Literature: GRIA3 Positive Disease Associations: Citalopram/adverse effects* Related Studies:
Citalopram/adverse effects* Perlis RH, , et al. , Genetic and clinical predictors of sexual dysfunction in citalopram-treated depressed patients., .
[PubMed 19295509]
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
Pfam Domains: PF00060 - Ligand-gated ion channel PF00497 - Bacterial extracellular solute-binding proteins, family 3 PF01094 - Receptor family ligand binding region PF10613 - Ligated ion channel L-glutamate- and glycine-binding site
SCOP Domains: 53822 - Periplasmic binding protein-like I 53850 - Periplasmic binding protein-like II
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P42263
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
X82068 - H.sapiens mRNA for glutamate receptor subunit GluRC. BC117464 - Homo sapiens glutamate receptor, ionotrophic, AMPA 3, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:151073 IMAGE:40126015), complete cds. U10302 - Human glutamate receptor flop isoform (GluR3-flop) mRNA, complete cds. U10301 - Human glutamate receptor flip isoform (GluR3-flip) mRNA, complete cds. HQ258659 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone IMAGE:100072689 glutamate receptor, ionotrophic, AMPA 3 (GRIA3) gene, encodes complete protein. KJ901466 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_10860 GRIA3 gene, encodes complete protein. KR711641 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone CCSBHm_00027918 GRIA3 (GRIA3) mRNA, encodes complete protein. KR711642 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone CCSBHm_00027919 GRIA3 (GRIA3) mRNA, encodes complete protein. KR711643 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone CCSBHm_00027920 GRIA3 (GRIA3) mRNA, encodes complete protein. AB384892 - Synthetic construct DNA, clone: pF1KB4082, Homo sapiens GRIA3 gene for glutamate receptor 3 precursor, complete cds, without stop codon, in Flexi system. AK297136 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ51894 complete cds, highly similar to Glutamate receptor 3 precursor. BC032004 - Homo sapiens glutamate receptor, ionotrophic, AMPA 3, mRNA (cDNA clone IMAGE:4753474), complete cds. JD082704 - Sequence 63728 from Patent EP1572962. JD490996 - Sequence 472020 from Patent EP1572962. JD236865 - Sequence 217889 from Patent EP1572962. JD066032 - Sequence 47056 from Patent EP1572962. JD066033 - Sequence 47057 from Patent EP1572962. JD445447 - Sequence 426471 from Patent EP1572962. JD442035 - Sequence 423059 from Patent EP1572962. JD062143 - Sequence 43167 from Patent EP1572962. JD146544 - Sequence 127568 from Patent EP1572962. JD496346 - Sequence 477370 from Patent EP1572962. JD498927 - Sequence 479951 from Patent EP1572962. JD234330 - Sequence 215354 from Patent EP1572962. JD331305 - Sequence 312329 from Patent EP1572962. JD181284 - Sequence 162308 from Patent EP1572962. JD444955 - Sequence 425979 from Patent EP1572962. JD421075 - Sequence 402099 from Patent EP1572962.
Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
KEGG - Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes hsa04080 - Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction hsa04730 - Long-term depression
Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)
Protein P42263 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):
R-HSA-420977 Ca permeable AMPA receptor ligand binding R-HSA-399712 Activation of Ca permeable AMPA receptors R-HSA-416320 Trafficking of GluR1-containing AMPA receptors R-HSA-420980 Activation of Ca permeable AMPA receptors R-HSA-416985 Trafficking of GluR2-containing AMPA receptors to synapse R-HSA-420975 Ca impermeable AMPA receptor ligand binding R-HSA-438037 Membrane depolarization upon activation of Ca impermeable AMPA receptors R-HSA-399711 Activation of Ca impermeable AMPA receptors R-HSA-416639 Trafficking of GluR2-containing AMPA receptors to extrasynaptic sites R-HSA-421007 Endocytosis of Ca impermeable AMPA receptors R-HSA-8849881 SALM2 associate with AMPA and NMDA receptors R-HSA-432162 Unblocking of NMDA receptor R-HSA-399710 Activation of AMPA receptors R-HSA-399719 Trafficking of AMPA receptors R-HSA-416993 Trafficking of GluR2-containing AMPA receptors R-HSA-438066 Unblocking of NMDA receptor, glutamate binding and activation R-HSA-8849932 Synaptic adhesion-like molecules R-HSA-399721 Glutamate binding, activation of AMPA receptors and synaptic plasticity R-HSA-442755 Activation of NMDA receptor and postsynaptic events R-HSA-6794362 Protein-protein interactions at synapses R-HSA-112314 Neurotransmitter receptors and postsynaptic signal transmission R-HSA-112316 Neuronal System R-HSA-112315 Transmission across Chemical Synapses
US Server
