Human Gene PPARG (uc003bwx.3)
  Description: Homo sapiens peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG), transcript variant 2, mRNA.
RefSeq Summary (NM_015869): This gene encodes a member of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) subfamily of nuclear receptors. PPARs form heterodimers with retinoid X receptors (RXRs) and these heterodimers regulate transcription of various genes. Three subtypes of PPARs are known: PPAR-alpha, PPAR-delta, and PPAR-gamma. The protein encoded by this gene is PPAR-gamma and is a regulator of adipocyte differentiation. Additionally, PPAR-gamma has been implicated in the pathology of numerous diseases including obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis and cancer. Alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].
Transcript (Including UTRs)
   Position: hg19 chr3:12,393,001-12,475,855 Size: 82,855 Total Exon Count: 7 Strand: +
Coding Region
   Position: hg19 chr3:12,393,092-12,475,644 Size: 82,553 Coding Exon Count: 7 

Page IndexSequence and LinksUniProtKB CommentsPrimersGenetic AssociationsMalaCards
CTDGene AllelesRNA-Seq ExpressionMicroarray ExpressionRNA StructureProtein Structure
Other SpeciesGO AnnotationsmRNA DescriptionsPathwaysOther NamesModel Information
Methods
Data last updated at UCSC: 2013-06-14

-  Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases
 
Genomic Sequence (chr3:12,393,001-12,475,855)mRNA (may differ from genome)Protein (505 aa)
Gene SorterGenome BrowserOther Species FASTAVisiGeneGene interactionsTable Schema
AlphaFoldBioGPSEnsemblEntrez GeneExonPrimerGeneCards
GeneNetworkH-INVHGNCHPRDLynxMalacards
MGIneXtProtOMIMPubMedReactomeTreefam
UniProtKBWikipediaBioGrid CRISPR DB

-  Comments and Description Text from UniProtKB
  ID: PPARG_HUMAN
DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma; Short=PPAR-gamma; AltName: Full=Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group C member 3;
FUNCTION: Receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Once activated by a ligand, the receptor binds to a promoter element in the gene for acyl-CoA oxidase and activates its transcription. It therefore controls the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Key regulator of adipocyte differentiation and glucose homeostasis. Acts as a critical regulator of gut homeostasis by suppressing NF-kappa-B- mediated proinflammatory responses.
ENZYME REGULATION: PDPK1 activates its transcriptional activity independently of its kinase activity.
SUBUNIT: Forms a heterodimer with the retinoic acid receptor RXRA called adipocyte-specific transcription factor ARF6. Interacts with NCOA6 coactivator, leading to a strong increase in transcription of target genes. Interacts with coactivator PPARBP, leading to a mild increase in transcription of target genes. Interacts with FAM120B. Interacts with PRDM16 (By similarity). Interacts with NOCA7 in a ligand-inducible manner. Interacts with NCOA1 LXXLL motifs. Interacts with DNTTIP2, MAP2K1/MEK1, PRMT2 and TGFB1I1. Interacts with PDPK1. Interacts with ASXL1 AND ASXL2.
INTERACTION: Q00535:CDK5; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-781416, EBI-1041567; P10909:CLU; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-781384, EBI-1104674; O60869:EDF1; NbExp=4; IntAct=EBI-781384, EBI-781301; Q6STE5-1:SMARCD3; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-781384, EBI-488506; Q6STE5-2:SMARCD3; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-781384, EBI-488511;
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Note=Redistributed from the nucleus to the cytosol through a MAP2K1/MEK1-dependent manner.
TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Highest expression in adipose tissue. Lower in skeletal muscle, spleen, heart and liver. Also detectable in placenta, lung and ovary.
PTM: O-GlcNAcylation at Thr-84 reduces transcriptional activity in adipocytes (By similarity).
POLYMORPHISM: Genetic variation in PPARG may influence body mass index (BMI) [MIM:606641]. BMI reflects the amount of fat, lean mass, and body build.
POLYMORPHISM: Genetic variations in PPARG influence the carotid intimal medial thickness (CIMT) [MIM:609338]. CIMT is a measure of atherosclerosis that is independently associated with traditional atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk factors and coronary atherosclerotic burden. 35 to 45% of the variability in multivariable-adjusted CIMT is explained by genetic factors.
DISEASE: Note=Defects in PPARG can lead to type 2 insulin- resistant diabetes and hyptertension. PPARG mutations may be associated with colon cancer.
DISEASE: Defects in PPARG may be associated with susceptibility to obesity (OBESITY) [MIM:601665]. It is a condition characterized by an increase of body weight beyond the limitation of skeletal and physical requirements, as the result of excessive accumulation of body fat.
DISEASE: Defects in PPARG are the cause of familial partial lipodystrophy type 3 (FPLD3) [MIM:604367]. Familial partial lipodystrophies (FPLD) are a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders characterized by marked loss of subcutaneous (sc) fat from the extremities. Affected individuals show an increased preponderance of insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia.
DISEASE: Genetic variations in PPARG can be associated with susceptibility to glioma type 1 (GLM1) [MIM:137800]. Gliomas are central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells and comprise astrocytomas, glioblastoma multiforme, oligodendrogliomas, and ependymomas. Note=Polymorphic PPARG alleles have been found to be significantly over-represented among a cohort of American patients with sporadic glioblastoma multiforme suggesting a possible contribution to disease susceptibility.
SIMILARITY: Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR1 subfamily.
SIMILARITY: Contains 1 nuclear receptor DNA-binding domain.
SEQUENCE CAUTION: Sequence=AAN38992.2; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally extended; Sequence=BAA23354.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction; Sequence=BAF83270.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally extended; Sequence=CAA62153.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally extended;
WEB RESOURCE: Name=Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology; URL="http://atlasgeneticsoncology.org/Genes/PPARGID383ch3p25.html";
WEB RESOURCE: Name=Wikipedia; Note=Peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor entry; URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peroxisome_proliferator-activated_receptor";
WEB RESOURCE: Name=GeneReviews; URL="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/GeneTests/lab/gene/PPARG";
WEB RESOURCE: Name=SeattleSNPs; URL="http://pga.gs.washington.edu/data/pparg/";
WEB RESOURCE: Name=SHMPD; Note=The Singapore human mutation and polymorphism database; URL="http://shmpd.bii.a-star.edu.sg/gene.php?genestart=A&genename=PPARG";

-  Primer design for this transcript
 

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Click here to load the transcript sequence and exon structure into Primer3Plus

Exonprimer can design one pair of Sanger sequencing primers around every exon, located in non-genic sequence.
Click here to open Exonprimer with this transcript

To design primers for a non-coding sequence, zoom to a region of interest and select from the drop-down menu: View > In External Tools > Primer3


-  Genetic Association Studies of Complex Diseases and Disorders
  Genetic Association Database (archive): PPARG
CDC HuGE Published Literature: PPARG
Positive Disease Associations: atherosclerosis, generalized , birth weight preterm delivery , body mass energy metabolism , body mass; insulin , body weight , bone mineral density , cardiovascular , cardiovascular risk factors , cholesterol, HDL; triglycerides; cholesterol, LDL; cholesterol, total; glucose , colorectal cancer , Coronary Artery Disease|Insulin Resistance , Depressive Disorder, Major , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , diabetes, type 1 , diabetes, type 2 , diabetes, type 2; obesity , edema , essential hypertension , exercise-mediated changes of insulin resistance , HDL cholesterol/ BMI , higher body mass index , higher levels of serum leptin , hyperglycemia insulin , Hypertension/complications* , increased antilipolytic insulin sensitivity , Increased plasma concentrations of total cholesterol , insulin , insulin sensitivity and body composition , larger body mass , LDL-cholesterol , lipids; height , lower lipoprotein lipase activity , metabolic syndrome , myocardial infarct , Natural Menopause|Obesity|POF - Premature ovarian failure|POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME|Polycystic Ovary Syndrome|Primary Ovarian Insufficiency|Puberty, Delayed|Puberty, Precocious|Thrombophilia|Tobacco Use Disorder , obesity , Obesity, Morbid , oxidized low-density lipoprotein and cardiolipin autoantibodies , Peripheral Vascular Diseases , Tunica Media , type 2 diabetes , waist circumference
Related Studies:
  1. atherosclerosis, generalized
    Temelkova-Kurktschiev, T. et al. 2004, Ala12Ala Genotype of the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor {gamma}2 Protects against Atherosclerosis, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. 2004 Sep;89(9):4238-42. [PubMed 15356014]
    In conclusion, our data suggest that the Ala(12)Ala genotype of the PPARgamma2 gene may protect from early atherosclerosis in subjects at risk for diabetes.
  2. birth weight preterm delivery
    Meirhaeghe, A. et al. 2007, A Possible Role for the PPARG Pro12Ala Polymorphism in Preterm Birth, Diabetes 2007 56(2) 494-8. [PubMed 17259396]
    the PPARG Pro12Ala polymorphism might represent a genetic susceptibility factor for preterm birth and constitute a link between preterm birth and metabolic diseases later in life.
  3. body mass energy metabolism
    Rosado, E. L. et al. 2006, Effect of diet and PPARgamma2 and beta2-adrenergic receptor genes on energy metabolism and body composition in obese women, Nutr Hosp 2006 21(3) 317-31. [PubMed 16771114]
    Polymorphism in PPARgamma2 gene resulted in increased fat oxidation, regardless of genotype of beta2-adrenergic receptor gene. It is recommended control of the total intake of fats and SFA in Pro12Pro/Gln27Gln and Pro12Pro/Gln27Glu, and complex CHO and MUFA in Pro12Pro/Glu27Glu. In Pro12Ala/Gln27Glu, AGPI intake can result in greater body weight loss.
           more ... click here to view the complete list

-  MalaCards Disease Associations
  MalaCards Gene Search: PPARG
Diseases sorted by gene-association score: lipodystrophy, familial partial, type 3* (1650), carotid intimal medial thickness 1* (500), diabetes mellitus, noninsulin-dependent, with acanthosis nigricans and hypertension* (500), obesity* (439), morbid obesity* (413), differentiated thyroid carcinoma* (132), diabetes mellitus, noninsulin-dependent* (128), obesity, pparg-related* (100), colonic benign neoplasm* (87), colorectal cancer* (76), cardiovascular disease risk factor )* (71), atherosclerosis (24), lipodystrophy (22), familial partial lipodystrophy (20), idiopathic edema (13), thyroid cancer (13), autoimmune myocarditis (13), acdc (12), neonatal meningitis (12), alcoholic cardiomyopathy (12), salivary gland cancer (12), liposarcoma (11), thyroid cancer, nonmedullary, 2 (10), congenital cytomegalovirus (10), prediabetes syndrome (10), nelson syndrome (9), hyperglycemia (9), lipid metabolism disorder (8), giant cell glioblastoma* (8), monocytic leukemia (7), bowenoid papulosis (7), arteriosclerosis (7), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (7), acquired metabolic disease (7), skin carcinoma in situ (7), gliosarcoma* (7), lichen planopilaris (6), abdominal obesity-metabolic syndrome 1 (6), glucose metabolism disease (6), overnutrition (6), prostate disease (6), thyroid cancer, nonmedullary, 1 (6), 3-hydroxyacyl-coa dehydrogenase deficiency (5), corticosteroid-binding globulin deficiency (5), arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia 5 (4), glioblastoma multiforme (4), vascular disease (3), lung cancer (3), autoinflammation, lipodystrophy, and dermatosis syndrome (2), diabetes mellitus, insulin-dependent (1)
* = Manually curated disease association

-  Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD)
  The following chemicals interact with this gene           more ... click here to view the complete list

+  Common Gene Haplotype Alleles
  Press "+" in the title bar above to open this section.

-  RNA-Seq Expression Data from GTEx (53 Tissues, 570 Donors)
  Highest median expression: 47.22 RPKM in Adipose - Subcutaneous
Total median expression: 289.13 RPKM



View in GTEx track of Genome Browser    View at GTEx portal     View GTEx Body Map

+  Microarray Expression Data
  Press "+" in the title bar above to open this section.

-  mRNA Secondary Structure of 3' and 5' UTRs
 
RegionFold EnergyBasesEnergy/Base
Display As
5' UTR -16.5291-0.182 Picture PostScript Text
3' UTR -29.40211-0.139 Picture PostScript Text

The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.

-  Protein Domain and Structure Information
  InterPro Domains: Graphical view of domain structure
IPR003074 - 1Cnucl_rcpt
IPR003077 - 1Cnucl_rcpt_G
IPR008946 - Nucl_hormone_rcpt_ligand-bd
IPR000536 - Nucl_hrmn_rcpt_lig-bd_core
IPR022590 - PPARgamma_N
IPR001723 - Str_hrmn_rcpt
IPR001628 - Znf_hrmn_rcpt
IPR013088 - Znf_NHR/GATA

Pfam Domains:
PF00104 - Ligand-binding domain of nuclear hormone receptor
PF00105 - Zinc finger, C4 type (two domains)
PF12577 - PPAR gamma N-terminal region

SCOP Domains:
48508 - Nuclear receptor ligand-binding domain
57716 - Glucocorticoid receptor-like (DNA-binding domain)

Protein Data Bank (PDB) 3-D Structure
MuPIT help
1FM6 - X-ray MuPIT 1FM9 - X-ray MuPIT 1I7I - X-ray MuPIT 1K74 - X-ray MuPIT 1KNU - X-ray MuPIT 1NYX - X-ray MuPIT 1PRG - X-ray MuPIT 1RDT - X-ray MuPIT 1WM0 - X-ray MuPIT 1ZEO - X-ray MuPIT 1ZGY - X-ray 2ATH - X-ray MuPIT 2F4B - X-ray MuPIT 2FVJ - X-ray MuPIT 2G0G - X-ray MuPIT 2G0H - X-ray MuPIT 2GTK - X-ray MuPIT 2HFP - X-ray MuPIT 2HWQ - X-ray MuPIT 2HWR - X-ray MuPIT 2I4J - X-ray MuPIT 2I4P - X-ray MuPIT 2I4Z - X-ray MuPIT 2OM9 - X-ray MuPIT 2P4Y - X-ray MuPIT 2POB - X-ray MuPIT 2PRG - X-ray 2Q59 - X-ray MuPIT 2Q5P - X-ray MuPIT 2Q5S - X-ray MuPIT 2Q61 - X-ray MuPIT 2Q6R - X-ray MuPIT 2Q6S - X-ray MuPIT 2Q8S - X-ray MuPIT 2QMV - NMR 2VSR - X-ray MuPIT 2VST - X-ray MuPIT 2VV0 - X-ray MuPIT 2VV1 - X-ray MuPIT 2VV2 - X-ray MuPIT 2VV3 - X-ray MuPIT 2VV4 - X-ray MuPIT 2XKW - X-ray MuPIT 2YFE - X-ray MuPIT 2ZK0 - X-ray MuPIT 2ZK1 - X-ray MuPIT 2ZK2 - X-ray MuPIT 2ZK3 - X-ray MuPIT 2ZK4 - X-ray MuPIT 2ZK5 - X-ray MuPIT 2ZK6 - X-ray MuPIT 2ZNO - X-ray MuPIT 2ZVT - X-ray MuPIT 3ADS - X-ray MuPIT 3ADT - X-ray MuPIT 3ADU - X-ray MuPIT 3ADV - X-ray MuPIT 3ADW - X-ray MuPIT 3ADX - X-ray MuPIT 3AN3 - X-ray MuPIT 3AN4 - X-ray MuPIT 3B0Q - X-ray MuPIT 3B0R - X-ray MuPIT 3B1M - X-ray MuPIT 3B3K - X-ray MuPIT 3BC5 - X-ray MuPIT 3CDP - X-ray MuPIT 3CDS - X-ray MuPIT 3CS8 - X-ray 3CWD - X-ray 3D6D - X-ray MuPIT 3DZU - X-ray MuPIT 3DZY - X-ray MuPIT 3E00 - X-ray MuPIT 3ET0 - X-ray MuPIT 3ET3 - X-ray MuPIT 3FEJ - X-ray MuPIT 3FUR - X-ray MuPIT 3G9E - X-ray MuPIT 3GBK - X-ray MuPIT 3H0A - X-ray MuPIT 3HO0 - X-ray MuPIT 3HOD - X-ray MuPIT 3IA6 - X-ray MuPIT 3K8S - X-ray MuPIT 3KMG - X-ray MuPIT 3LMP - X-ray MuPIT 3NOA - X-ray MuPIT 3OSI - X-ray MuPIT 3OSW - X-ray MuPIT 3PBA - X-ray MuPIT 3PO9 - X-ray MuPIT 3PRG - X-ray MuPIT 3QT0 - X-ray MuPIT 3R5N - X-ray MuPIT 3R8A - X-ray MuPIT 3R8I - X-ray MuPIT 3S9S - X-ray MuPIT 3SZ1 - X-ray MuPIT 3T03 - X-ray 3TY0 - X-ray MuPIT 3U9Q - X-ray MuPIT 3V9T - X-ray MuPIT 3V9V - X-ray MuPIT 3V9Y - X-ray MuPIT 3VJH - X-ray MuPIT 3VJI - X-ray MuPIT 3VN2 - X-ray MuPIT 4A4V - X-ray MuPIT 4A4W - X-ray MuPIT 4F9M - X-ray MuPIT 4PRG - X-ray MuPIT


ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P37231
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The pictures above may be empty if there is no ModBase structure for the protein. The ModBase structure frequently covers just a fragment of the protein. You may be asked to log onto ModBase the first time you click on the pictures. It is simplest after logging in to just click on the picture again to get to the specific info on that model.

-  Orthologous Genes in Other Species
  Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
MouseRatZebrafishD. melanogasterC. elegansS. cerevisiae
No orthologGenome BrowserGenome BrowserNo orthologNo orthologNo ortholog
Gene DetailsGene Details    
Gene SorterGene Sorter    
 RGDEnsembl   
 Protein SequenceProtein Sequence   
 AlignmentAlignment   

-  Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
  Molecular Function:
GO:0000981 RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding
GO:0001046 core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding
GO:0003677 DNA binding
GO:0003682 chromatin binding
GO:0003690 double-stranded DNA binding
GO:0003700 transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding
GO:0003707 steroid hormone receptor activity
GO:0004879 RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, ligand-activated sequence-specific DNA binding
GO:0004955 prostaglandin receptor activity
GO:0005515 protein binding
GO:0008022 protein C-terminus binding
GO:0008134 transcription factor binding
GO:0008144 drug binding
GO:0008270 zinc ion binding
GO:0019899 enzyme binding
GO:0019903 protein phosphatase binding
GO:0030331 estrogen receptor binding
GO:0030374 ligand-dependent nuclear receptor transcription coactivator activity
GO:0033613 activating transcription factor binding
GO:0042277 peptide binding
GO:0042802 identical protein binding
GO:0043565 sequence-specific DNA binding
GO:0043621 protein self-association
GO:0044212 transcription regulatory region DNA binding
GO:0046872 metal ion binding
GO:0046965 retinoid X receptor binding
GO:0046982 protein heterodimerization activity
GO:0050544 arachidonic acid binding
GO:0050692 DBD domain binding
GO:0050693 LBD domain binding
GO:0051393 alpha-actinin binding

Biological Process:
GO:0000122 negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
GO:0001890 placenta development
GO:0002674 negative regulation of acute inflammatory response
GO:0006351 transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0006355 regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0006357 regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
GO:0006367 transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter
GO:0006629 lipid metabolic process
GO:0006919 activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process
GO:0007165 signal transduction
GO:0007186 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
GO:0007507 heart development
GO:0007584 response to nutrient
GO:0008217 regulation of blood pressure
GO:0008285 negative regulation of cell proliferation
GO:0009409 response to cold
GO:0009612 response to mechanical stimulus
GO:0010033 response to organic substance
GO:0010742 macrophage derived foam cell differentiation
GO:0010745 negative regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation
GO:0010871 negative regulation of receptor biosynthetic process
GO:0010887 negative regulation of cholesterol storage
GO:0010891 negative regulation of sequestering of triglyceride
GO:0014070 response to organic cyclic compound
GO:0015909 long-chain fatty acid transport
GO:0016525 negative regulation of angiogenesis
GO:0019216 regulation of lipid metabolic process
GO:0019395 fatty acid oxidation
GO:0030224 monocyte differentiation
GO:0030308 negative regulation of cell growth
GO:0030855 epithelial cell differentiation
GO:0031000 response to caffeine
GO:0031100 animal organ regeneration
GO:0032526 response to retinoic acid
GO:0032869 cellular response to insulin stimulus
GO:0032966 negative regulation of collagen biosynthetic process
GO:0033189 response to vitamin A
GO:0033993 response to lipid
GO:0035357 peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway
GO:0035902 response to immobilization stress
GO:0042493 response to drug
GO:0042593 glucose homeostasis
GO:0042594 response to starvation
GO:0042752 regulation of circadian rhythm
GO:0042953 lipoprotein transport
GO:0043065 positive regulation of apoptotic process
GO:0043388 positive regulation of DNA binding
GO:0043401 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway
GO:0043537 negative regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration
GO:0043627 response to estrogen
GO:0045087 innate immune response
GO:0045165 cell fate commitment
GO:0045598 regulation of fat cell differentiation
GO:0045600 positive regulation of fat cell differentiation
GO:0045713 low-density lipoprotein particle receptor biosynthetic process
GO:0045892 negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0045893 positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
GO:0046321 positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation
GO:0048469 cell maturation
GO:0048511 rhythmic process
GO:0048662 negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation
GO:0048714 positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation
GO:0050872 white fat cell differentiation
GO:0051091 positive regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity
GO:0051974 negative regulation of telomerase activity
GO:0055088 lipid homeostasis
GO:0060100 positive regulation of phagocytosis, engulfment
GO:0060336 negative regulation of interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway
GO:0060694 regulation of cholesterol transporter activity
GO:0060850 regulation of transcription involved in cell fate commitment
GO:0060965 negative regulation of gene silencing by miRNA
GO:0061614 pri-miRNA transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
GO:0071300 cellular response to retinoic acid
GO:0071306 cellular response to vitamin E
GO:0071379 cellular response to prostaglandin stimulus
GO:0071380 cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus
GO:0071404 cellular response to low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus
GO:0071455 cellular response to hyperoxia
GO:1901558 response to metformin
GO:1904706 negative regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation
GO:1905461 positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell apoptotic process
GO:1905563 negative regulation of vascular endothelial cell proliferation
GO:2000230 negative regulation of pancreatic stellate cell proliferation

Cellular Component:
GO:0005634 nucleus
GO:0005654 nucleoplasm
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
GO:0032991 macromolecular complex
GO:0043231 intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
GO:0048471 perinuclear region of cytoplasm
GO:0090575 RNA polymerase II transcription factor complex


-  Descriptions from all associated GenBank mRNAs
  AB565476 - Homo sapiens PPAR gamma mRNA for peroxisome proliferative activated receptor gamma, complete cds.
LP895444 - Sequence 308 from Patent EP3253886.
X90563 - H.sapiens mRNA for peroxisome proliferactor activated receptor gamma.
AK290581 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ75648 complete cds, highly similar to Homo sapiens peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma(PPARG), transcript variant 4, mRNA.
L40904 - Homo sapiens peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARG) mRNA, complete cds.
AB472042 - Homo sapiens PPARG mRNA for peroxisome proliferative activated receptor gamma isoform 6 variant, complete cds.
BC006811 - Homo sapiens peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:5041 IMAGE:3447380), complete cds.
AJ698135 - Homo sapiens mRNA for peroxisome proliferative activated receptor gamma (PPARG gene), exon 5 skipping transcript.
D83233 - Homo sapiens mRNA for PPAR gamma2, complete cds.
U79012 - Human ligand activated transcription factor PPARgamma2 mRNA, complete cds.
AB451486 - Homo sapiens PPARG mRNA for peroxisome proliferative activated receptor gamma isoform 2, partial cds, clone: FLJ82517SAAF.
AB451337 - Homo sapiens PPARG mRNA for peroxisome proliferative activated receptor gamma isoform 2, complete cds, clone: FLJ82517SAAN.
U63415 - Human peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma 2 mRNA, complete cds.
AK223528 - Homo sapiens mRNA for peroxisome proliferative activated receptor gamma isoform 2 variant, clone: FCC124E05.
AY222643 - Homo sapiens CREB3L2-PPARgamma mRNA, complete cds.
CU675463 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens gateway clone IMAGE:100019580 5' read PPARG mRNA.
DQ356894 - Homo sapiens peroxisome proliferative acitvated receptor gamma (PPARG) mRNA, complete cds, alternatively spliced.
AB528351 - Synthetic construct DNA, clone: pF1KB7770, Homo sapiens PPARG gene for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, without stop codon, in Flexi system.
KU178267 - Homo sapiens peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma isoform 1 (PPARG) mRNA, partial cds.
KU178268 - Homo sapiens peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma isoform 2 (PPARG) mRNA, partial cds, alternatively spliced.
KJ891855 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_01249 PPARG gene, encodes complete protein.
KR709631 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone CCSBHm_00004352 PPARG (PPARG) mRNA, encodes complete protein.
KR709632 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone CCSBHm_00004356 PPARG (PPARG) mRNA, encodes complete protein.
KR709633 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone CCSBHm_00004358 PPARG (PPARG) mRNA, encodes complete protein.
KR709634 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone CCSBHm_00004362 PPARG (PPARG) mRNA, encodes complete protein.
AB307692 - Homo sapiens NR1C3 mRNA for peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma, complete cds.
BT007281 - Homo sapiens peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma mRNA, complete cds.
DQ891108 - Synthetic construct clone IMAGE:100003738; FLH169397.01X; RZPDo839B1196D peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma (PPARG) gene, encodes complete protein.
DQ894289 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone IMAGE:100008749; FLH169393.01L; RZPDo839B1195D peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma (PPARG) gene, encodes complete protein.
HQ692866 - Homo sapiens peroxisome proliferator-activated nuclear receptor gamma variant 1 (NR1C3) mRNA, complete cds.
LS999978 - Homo sapiens partial mRNA for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG1D5 gene).
LS999980 - Homo sapiens partial mRNA for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG3D5 gene).
LS999979 - Homo sapiens partial mRNA for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG2D5 gene).
AB247365 - Homo sapiens PPARG5 mRNA for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma 5, complete cds, tissue_type:adipose tissue.
AB247366 - Homo sapiens PPARG mRNA for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma splicing variant, complete cds, tissue_type:adipose tissue.
AB247367 - Homo sapiens PPARG5 mRNA for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma 5, complete cds, tissue_type:liver.
AB097931 - Homo sapiens PPARG mRNA for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 1, partial cds.
AB107271 - Homo sapiens PPARG mRNA for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, partial cds.
AJ563370 - Homo sapiens mRNA for peroxisome proliferative activated receptor gamma (PPARG gene), alternative transcript 3.
JD433359 - Sequence 414383 from Patent EP1572962.
JD147235 - Sequence 128259 from Patent EP1572962.
AJ563369 - Homo sapiens partial mRNA for peroxisome proliferative activated receptor gamma (PPARG gene), alternative transcript 2.
JD134108 - Sequence 115132 from Patent EP1572962.
JD402843 - Sequence 383867 from Patent EP1572962.

-  Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
  KEGG - Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
hsa03320 - PPAR signaling pathway
hsa05016 - Huntington's disease
hsa05200 - Pathways in cancer
hsa05216 - Thyroid cancer

BioCarta from NCI Cancer Genome Anatomy Project
h_pparPathway - Basic mechanism of action of PPARa, PPARb(d) and PPARg and effects on gene expression
h_nuclearRsPathway - Nuclear Receptors in Lipid Metabolism and Toxicity
h_vobesityPathway - Visceral Fat Deposits and the Metabolic Syndrome
h_ppargPathway - Role of PPAR-gamma Coactivators in Obesity and Thermogenesis

Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)

Protein P37231 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):

R-HSA-381262 Formation of PPARG:RXRA heterodimer (ARF6 complex)
R-HSA-381290 PPARG:RXRA heterodimer binds to PPARG corepressors
R-HSA-8944099 Activated PPARG binds PTEN gene promoter
R-HSA-376419 Formation of NR-MED1 Coactivator Complex
R-HSA-381309 PPARG:RXRA heterodimer binds to fatty acid-like ligands
R-HSA-381340 Transcriptional regulation of white adipocyte differentiation
R-HSA-8943724 Regulation of PTEN gene transcription
R-HSA-383280 Nuclear Receptor transcription pathway
R-HSA-1266738 Developmental Biology
R-HSA-6807070 PTEN Regulation
R-HSA-212436 Generic Transcription Pathway
R-HSA-1257604 PIP3 activates AKT signaling
R-HSA-73857 RNA Polymerase II Transcription
R-HSA-9006925 Intracellular signaling by second messengers
R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription)
R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction

-  Other Names for This Gene
  Alternate Gene Symbols: A8K3G6, B5BUA1, NM_015869, NP_619726, NR1C3, O00684, O00710, O14515, P37231, PPARG_HUMAN, Q0QJH8, Q15178, Q15179, Q15180, Q15832, Q86U60, Q96J12
UCSC ID: uc003bwx.3
RefSeq Accession: NM_015869
Protein: P37231 (aka PPARG_HUMAN)
CCDS: CCDS2609.1

-  Gene Model Information
 
category: coding nonsense-mediated-decay: no RNA accession: NM_015869.4
exon count: 7CDS single in 3' UTR: no RNA size: 1820
ORF size: 1518CDS single in intron: no Alignment % ID: 100.00
txCdsPredict score: 2984.00frame shift in genome: no % Coverage: 100.00
has start codon: yes stop codon in genome: no # of Alignments: 1
has end codon: yes retained intron: no # AT/AC introns 0
selenocysteine: no end bleed into intron: 0# strange splices: 0
Click here for a detailed description of the fields of the table above.

-  Methods, Credits, and Use Restrictions
  Click here for details on how this gene model was made and data restrictions if any.